There is a "semantic" extension to MediaWiki that makes it easier to support many enterprise use cases with data visualizations, custom queries (potentially referencing information from multiple wiki pages) and the like. It is somewhat widely used for wikis other than Wikipedia, that can simply defer to the Wikidata project for those needs.
SMW works okay but if you have technical ability, I'd recommend Cargo (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cargo) instead. It's a somewhat limited SQL wrapper (limited - e.g. subqueries aren't supported, which can be annoying on occasion but tbh I've only missed them maybe 3 or 4 times, wiki queries tend not to be too complicated) which is roughly equivalent to SMW in maybe 50% of use cases I've encountered, inferior in maybe 2%, and significantly better in the rest.
It definitely has a bit of a higher learning curve than SMW, especially for non-developers, and even for developers there's some kinda weird stuff going on with it (e.g. they have this HOLDS syntax sugar and list-type fields as an answer to SMW's ability to express one-to-many relations a bit more naturally than sql can; also there's this cargo_attach parser function that I forget to do 80% of the time and that's why my tables don't rebuild properly).
Anyway if anyone does use MediaWiki and is choosing between these extensions I'm happy to talk to you about them, this is what I do for my job & I have several years experience with both (though my SMW experience is somewhat outdated, since I switched to Cargo several years ago, and only recently have started using SMW again, and that only tangentially).
